Bipolar Disorder

Individuals with bipolar disorder, also known as manic depression, have very extreme mood swings, from periods of euphoria to depression.

An estimated one person in 100 suffers from bipolar disorder, which usually manifests itself in people before age 35.

If left untreated, bipolar disorder can have devastating consequences. It can ruin a person's relationships with family and friends, make it difficult for a person to hold a job and can even lead to suicide.

Medical Impact of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder causes habits that are not conducive to good health, such as inconsistent patterns of eating and sleeping.

Signs of Bipolar Disorder
During periods of euphoria, individuals with bipolar disorder may have delusional or grandiose perceptions. They may be hyperactive, have a reduced need for sleep and lack good judgment. Thoughts may be disorganized.

During periods of depression, they may be irritable and angry to a degree that is inappropriate. They may be paranoid and have feelings of worthlessness, hopelessness, indifference or guilt. They may be withdrawn, have a loss of appetite and cry for no apparent reason.

Other symptoms may include an inability to concentrate, loss or increase in appetite, insomnia and, in some cases, suicide attempts.

Causes of Bipolar Disorder
Genetic changes in body chemistry are believed to cause bipolar disorder. Negative family relationships, serious illness and substance abuse are also believed to be contributing factors.

Treatment
Lithium carbonate, which can reduce the number and intensity of manic episodes or even prevent them, is the most commonly used medication for bipolar disorder.

Behavioral therapy and psychotherapy are also important, in addition to support groups for family members.