Depression

We can all experience periods of depression. But when feelings of sadness and hopelessness last more than a few weeks, the depressed person may be considered to have clinical depression that requires treatment.

Depression varies in severity and may be triggered by many factors, such as a traumatic experience, stress or even a change in seasons.

Depression affects people of all ages in every socioeconomic group. With 20% of women and 10% of men suffering from depression at some point in their lives, depression is among the most common, but also among the most treatable, of all mental illnesses. Almost 90% of those with depression can be treated effectively.

Medical Impact of Depression
If left untreated, depression can eventually lead to suicide. Depression may also result in various stress-related diseases.

Signs of Depression
People who have depression are sad and often express their sadness by crying. They may have feelings of worthlessness and helplessness. They may be indifferent or feel extreme guilt, and may withdraw from activities they previously enjoyed.

Other symptoms may include irritability, inability to concentrate, a change in appetite causing increases and decreases in weight, altered sleeping patterns, constant complaints of fatigue and an inability to remember things.

Causes of Depression
Researchers believe depression is caused by a combination of factors. It is often triggered by a major loss, such as death or divorce. Abuse of alcohol or drugs can cause or complicate depression.

Recent studies have linked depression to genetics resulting in an imbalance in the chemicals that allow brain cells to communicate. Close relatives of people with depression are more likely than the general population to develop depression.

Treatment
Many types of antidepressants are available and are prescribed based on the type of depression, the person's health, physical traits and other factors. Psychotherapy is typically used along with medication.